📑 The Invention of Money

Bookmarked The Invention of Money (The New Yorker)

Marco Polo was right to be amazed. The instruments of trade and finance are inventions, in the same way that creations of art and discoveries of science are inventions—products of the human imagination. Paper money, backed by the authority of the state, was an astonishing innovation, one that reshaped the world. That’s hard to remember: we grow used to the ways we pay our bills and are paid for our work, to the dance of numbers in our bank balances and credit-card statements. It’s only at moments when the system buckles that we start to wonder why these things are worth what they seem to be worth.

John Lancaster looks at the invention of money and its influence on today’s economy through two historical figures: John Law and Walter Bagehot. Through Law’s work in France, he laid the foundation for the use of money to facilitate trade and commerce.

This idea of Law’s led him to the idea of a new national French bank that took in gold and silver from the public and lent it back out in the form of paper money. The bank also took deposits in the form of government debt, cleverly allowing people to claim the full value of debts that were trading at heavy discounts: if you had a piece of paper saying the king owed you a thousand livres, you could get only, say, four hundred livres in the open market for it, but Law’s bank would credit you with the full thousand livres in paper money.

Law’s notion of centralised banking is what continues today:

Today, we live in a version of John Law’s system. Every state in the developed world has a central bank that issues paper money, manipulates the supply of credit in the interest of commerce, uses fractional-reserve banking, and features joint-stock companies that pay dividends. All of these were brought to France, pretty much simultaneously, by John Law.

What Bagehot brought to the table was a focus on gold:

He thought that money, real money, was gold, and gold alone. All the other forms of currency in the system were merely different kinds of credit.

This was then held by the central bank.

What Lancaster highlights is how the successes and failures of both men continue to be played out again today. The central role of nationalism is therefore interesting to consider when thinking about the world of Amazon and Facebook.

One response on “📑 The Invention of Money”

  1. Welcome to another month of Read Write Respond, a newsletter of ideas and information associated with all things in and out of education, mined and curated for me and shared with you.

    Although July started slowly with the mid-year break, it certainly made up for this at the end with everything seemingly happening at once.
    On the family front, Ms 3 has taken to letter and number recognition with gusto. There has been a lot of eye spy this letter or that. She then scowls all the visible words for traces. Ms 8 on the other hand has been asking a million questions about rocks. This has stemmed from her fascination with Minecraft. She is also translating this into the physical world, with an interest in getting outdoors to explore.
    At work, I was inundated after the break with schools inquiring about attendance and reporting. Although it would be nice if they asked earlier, it is still good that they are asking.
    Personally, I was inspired by Future Tense to read Brave New World. I listened to Thelma Plum’s debut, Beyonce’s Lion King inspired album, Of Monster and Men’s return and Bank’s continued brooding.
    In regards to my writing, I posted a reflection on what constitutes ‘real’ work:

    Doing the Real Work that Matters

    I also documented a recent exercise using Google Sheets to collate and curate data across teams:

    Connecting Contacts and Information – Using Google Sheets to Collect Together Data

    Here then are some of the links collected from around the traps:

    Learning and Teaching

    What does success look like? card-playing edition

    Dave Cormier asks the question, what constitutes success in education and how does this relate to intrinsic motivation?

    Reading Lessons

    Irina Dumitrescu reflects on her experiences with reading overtime. She explores how it has developed and changed based on different situations and circumstances.

    Island Survival: A Cooperative Game

    Emily Fintelman shares an activity around survival designed to help students work collaboratively.

    Expand Your Horizons

    David Truss celebrates the world of anywhere, anytime learning and what impact this has both in and out of education.

    What Marathons and School Have in Common: repeated choices

    Joel Speranza explains how larger choices are in fact a series of smaller choices combined. He provides a number of strategies to support learners with appreciating this.

    Education is not broken. Teachers do not need fixing.

    Deborah Netolicky pushes back on Mark Latham’s call for performance-based pay for teachers, arguing that what we should focus on trusting and empowering the profession.

    Technology

    Building trust helps the most in keeping our kids safe online

    Dan Donahoo argues that rather than focusing on safety designs and managing screen time, we need to build trusting relationships with our children.

    TADA – A New Look At ‘DATA’

    John Philpin takes a dive into the world of data. He discusses some of the dangers, articulates some of the complexities, pushes back on various analogies, and argues that data is best understood as a form of energy.

    The Internet’s Carbon Footprint

    Manoush Zomorodi explores the environmental impact of the internet.

    On TikTok, Teens Meme the Safety App Ruining Their Summer

    Louise Matgakig looks into the work of Life360 and the culture of surveillance that it supports.

    Interoperability: Fix the internet, not the tech companies

    Cory Doctorow makes the case for interoperability as a solution for fixing the internet. Rather than focusing on breaking up the platform capitalism, Doctorow argues that we need to open up applications to more engagement from the outside.

    Reflection

    In Patriarchy No One Can Hear You Scream: Rebecca Solnit on Jeffrey Epstein and the Silencing Machine

    Rebecca Solnit discusses the culture that often surrounds and supports rape.

    The Invention of Money

    John Lancaster looks at the invention of money and its influence on today’s economy through two historical figures: John Law and Walter Bagehot.

    50 years after Apollo 11: what will we do in space for the next 50 years?

    Bryan Alexander celebrates fifty years of since man first landed on the moon by wondering what the next fifty years might bring.

    The art of noticing: five ways to experience a city differently

    Rob Walker shares five strategies for noticing more in the city.

    Tell the World

    Sophie McNeill reports on the rise of the surveillance state in China to suppress the Uyghur people in western China.

    Mark Ronson’s Songs of Pop Perfection (Take 5)

    Mark Ronson gives insight into what defines a perfect pop tune.

    Read Write Respond #043
    So that is July for me, how about you? As always, happy to hear. Also interested if anyone has any thoughts on the changes I made. Rather than including a range lengthy elaborations, I have taken to providing a short summary and links to my bookmarks. Does this work? Feel free to let me know.

    Cover Image via JustLego101

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